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Regulation of astrocyte activation by glycolipids drives chronic CNS inflammation

Journal Article

Astrocytes have complex roles in health and disease, thus it is important to study the pathways that regulate their function. Here we report that lactosylceramide (LacCer) synthesized by β-1,4-galactosyltransferase 6 (B4GALT6) is upregulated in the...

XCMS2: processing tandem mass spectrometry data for metabolite identification and structural characterization

Journal Article

Mass spectrometry based metabolomics represents a new area for bioinformatics technology development. While the computational tools currently available such as XCMS statistically assess and rank LC-MS features, they do not provide information about their...

ABHD12 controls brain lysophosphatidylserine pathways that are deregulated in a murine model of the neurodegenerative disease PHARC

Journal Article

Advances in human genetics are leading to the discovery of new disease-causing mutations at a remarkable rate. Many such mutations, however, occur in genes that encode for proteins of unknown function, which limits our molecular understanding of, and...

Metabonomic assessment of toxicity of 4-fluoroaniline, 3,5-difluoroaniline and 2-fluoro-4-methylaniline to the earthworm Eisenia veneta (Rosa): identification of new endogenous biomarkers

Journal Article

High-resolution 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can be used to produce a biochemical fingerprint of low-molecular-weight metabolites from complex biological mixtures such as tissue extracts and biofluids. Changes in such fingerprint...

Quantitative ESI-TOF analysis of macromolecular assembly kinetics

Journal Article

The Escherichia coli small (30S) ribosomal subunit is a particularly well-characterized model system for studying in vitro self-assembly. A previously developed pulse-chase monitored by quantitative mass spectrometry (PC/QMS) approach to measuring...

The metabolite alpha-ketoglutarate extends lifespan by inhibiting ATP synthase and TOR

Journal Article

Metabolism and ageing are intimately linked. Compared with ad libitum feeding, dietary restriction consistently extends lifespan and delays age-related diseases in evolutionarily diverse organisms. Similar conditions of nutrient limitation and genetic or...

In vivo performance of a drug-eluting contact lens to treat glaucoma for a month

Journal Article

For nearly half a century, contact lenses have been proposed as a means of ocular drug delivery, but achieving controlled drug release has been a significant challenge. We have developed a drug-eluting contact lens designed for prolonged delivery of...

Microbial metalloproteomes are largely uncharacterized

Journal Article

Metal ion cofactors afford proteins virtually unlimited catalytic potential, enable electron transfer reactions and have a great impact on protein stability. Consequently, metalloproteins have key roles in most biological processes, including respiration...

Warfarin untargeted metabolomics study identifies novel procoagulant ethanolamide plasma lipids

Journal Article

Maintaining retinal astrocytes normalizes revascularization and prevents vascular pathology associated with oxygen-induced retinopathy

Journal Article

Astrocytes are well known modulators of normal developmental retinal vascularization. However, relatively little is known about the role of glial cells during pathological retinal neovascularization (NV), a leading contributor to vision loss in...

Large scale physiological readjustment during growth enables rapid, comprehensive and inexpensive systems analysis

Journal Article

BACKGROUND: Rapidly characterizing the operational interrelationships among all genes in a given organism is a critical bottleneck to significantly advancing our understanding of thousands of newly sequenced microbial and eukaryotic species. While...

Selective metabolite and peptide capture/mass detection using fluorous affinity tags

Journal Article

A new and general methodology is described for the targeted enrichment and subsequent direct mass spectrometric characterization of sample subsets bearing various chemical functionalities from highly complex mixtures of biological origin. Specifically...